LOGOS
Logos (Logical Appeal--Greek for "word") means persuading by the use of reasoning. We'll look at deductive and inductive reasoning, and discuss what makes an effective, persuasive reason to back up your claims. Giving reasons is the heart of argumentation, and cannot be emphasized enough. We'll study the types of support you can use to substantiate your theses, and look at some of the common logical fallacies, in order to avoid them in your communications.
Source: http://courses.durhamtech.edu/perkins/aris.html (Accessed 6/24/2012).
Resource Links for Deeper Understanding
A Concise Introduction to Logic | MILNE Library, Craig DeLancey
"A Word on Statistics" | Poem written by Wislaw Szymborska (translated by Joanna Trzeciak)
LOGICAL FALLACIES
What is a logical fallacy?
According to the Purdue OWL, logical fallacies "are common errors in reasoning that will undermine the logic of your argument. Fallacies can be either illegitimate arguments or irrelevant points, and are often identified because they lack evidence that supports their claim. Avoid these common fallacies in your own arguments and watch for them in the arguments of others."
Source: “Logical Fallacies.” Fallacies - Purdue OWL® - Purdue University, owl.purdue.edu/owl/general_writing/academic_writing/logic_in_argumentative_writing/fallacies.html. Accessed 3 Sept. 2023.
Component Fallacies
Occam's Razor
Hickam's Dictum
Adapted from: Dr. L. Kip Wheeler 1998-2012. Permission is granted for non-profit, educational, and student reproduction. Last updated March 30, 2012. http://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/fallacies_list.htmlÂ